Solved: I had my addons placed in a folder called 'mods'. I moved @aliveserver to the base directory of the server and loaded it that way, afterwards the segfault stopped.

I came across a post that listed all these different dependencies:

        linux-gate.so.1 =>  (0xf7713000)
        libcurl.so.4 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libcurl.so.4 (0xf74bd000)
        libm.so.6 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0xf7477000)
        libc.so.6 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0xf72c8000)
        /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0xf7714000)
        libidn.so.11 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libidn.so.11 (0xf7295000)
        librtmp.so.0 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/librtmp.so.0 (0xf727b000)
        libssl.so.1.0.0 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libssl.so.1.0.0 (0xf7223000)
        libcrypto.so.1.0.0 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libcrypto.so.1.0.0 (0xf7076000)
        libgssapi_krb5.so.2 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgssapi_krb5.so.2 (0xf7038000)
        liblber-2.4.so.2 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/liblber-2.4.so.2 (0xf7029000)
        libldap_r-2.4.so.2 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libldap_r-2.4.so.2 (0xf6fd7000)
        libz.so.1 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libz.so.1 (0xf6fbd000)
        libpthread.so.0 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0xf6fa1000)
        libgnutls.so.26 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgnutls.so.26 (0xf6eda000)
        libgcrypt.so.11 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgcrypt.so.11 (0xf6e54000)
        libdl.so.2 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0xf6e4f000)
        libkrb5.so.3 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libkrb5.so.3 (0xf6d80000)
        libk5crypto.so.3 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libk5crypto.so.3 (0xf6d58000)
        libcom_err.so.2 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libcom_err.so.2 (0xf6d52000)
        libkrb5support.so.0 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libkrb5support.so.0 (0xf6d49000)
        libresolv.so.2 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libresolv.so.2 (0xf6d31000)
        libsasl2.so.2 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libsasl2.so.2 (0xf6d15000)
        libgssapi.so.3 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgssapi.so.3 (0xf6cd9000)
        libtasn1.so.6 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libtasn1.so.6 (0xf6cc4000)
        libp11-kit.so.0 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libp11-kit.so.0 (0xf6cb2000)
        libgpg-error.so.0 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgpg-error.so.0 (0xf6cad000)
        libkeyutils.so.1 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libkeyutils.so.1 (0xf6ca9000)
        libheimntlm.so.0 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libheimntlm.so.0 (0xf6ca0000)
        libkrb5.so.26 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libkrb5.so.26 (0xf6c19000)
        libasn1.so.8 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libasn1.so.8 (0xf6b73000)
        libhcrypto.so.4 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libhcrypto.so.4 (0xf6b3e000)
        libroken.so.18 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libroken.so.18 (0xf6b28000)
        libwind.so.0 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libwind.so.0 (0xf6aff000)
        libheimbase.so.1 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libheimbase.so.1 (0xf6aef000)
        libhx509.so.5 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libhx509.so.5 (0xf6aa8000)
        libsqlite3.so.0 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libsqlite3.so.0 (0xf69eb000)
        libcrypt.so.1 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libcrypt.so.1 (0xf69ba000)

Of which when I run LDD there is much, much less:

        linux-gate.so.1 =>  (0xf77af000)          
        libcurl.so.4 => not found                 
        libm.so.6 => /lib32/libm.so.6 (0xf7571000)
        libc.so.6 => /lib32/libc.so.6 (0xf73be000)
        /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x565d1000)           

Is there any listing of the libraries that I need to get? I'm using a fresh install of Ubuntu 16.04 server.

EDIT: Installed libcurl4-openssl-dev (according to one post I found) and now I'm getting segmentation faults.

EDIT: Based on suggestion I've downloaded libcurl3:i386, which also segfaults.

19:33:26 ALiVE Global INIT
19:33:26 ALiVE Global Init Timer Started
19:33:26 ALiVE [m_0|30] Module ALiVE_sys_data INIT
run.sh: line 28:  3055 Segmentation fault      (core dumped) $CMD

Possibly related post: http://alivemod.com/forum/1704-linux-dedi-segfault/0

Ok, here's the new LDD output:

arma@armadev:/home/steam/a3server/mods/@aliveserver$ ldd ALiVEPlugIn.so
        linux-gate.so.1 =>  (0xf779a000)
        libcurl.so.4 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libcurl.so.4 (0xf7533000)
        libm.so.6 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0xf74de000)
        libc.so.6 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0xf7327000)
        /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x56609000)
        libidn.so.11 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libidn.so.11 (0xf72f3000)
        librtmp.so.1 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/librtmp.so.1 (0xf72d3000)
        libssl.so.1.0.0 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libssl.so.1.0.0 (0xf7269000)
        libcrypto.so.1.0.0 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libcrypto.so.1.0.0 (0xf707d000)
        libgssapi_krb5.so.2 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgssapi_krb5.so.2 (0xf702a000)
        liblber-2.4.so.2 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/liblber-2.4.so.2 (0xf701a000)
        libldap_r-2.4.so.2 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libldap_r-2.4.so.2 (0xf6fbf000)
        libz.so.1 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libz.so.1 (0xf6fa4000)
        libpthread.so.0 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0xf6f87000)
        libgnutls.so.30 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgnutls.so.30 (0xf6e2e000)
        libhogweed.so.4 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libhogweed.so.4 (0xf6df9000)
        libnettle.so.6 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libnettle.so.6 (0xf6dbd000)
        libgmp.so.10 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgmp.so.10 (0xf6d31000)
        libdl.so.2 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0xf6d2c000)
        libkrb5.so.3 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libkrb5.so.3 (0xf6c54000)
        libk5crypto.so.3 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libk5crypto.so.3 (0xf6c23000)
        libcom_err.so.2 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libcom_err.so.2 (0xf6c1e000)
        libkrb5support.so.0 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libkrb5support.so.0 (0xf6c11000)
        libresolv.so.2 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libresolv.so.2 (0xf6bf8000)
        libsasl2.so.2 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libsasl2.so.2 (0xf6bd9000)
        libgssapi.so.3 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libgssapi.so.3 (0xf6b92000)
        libp11-kit.so.0 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libp11-kit.so.0 (0xf6b31000)
        libtasn1.so.6 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libtasn1.so.6 (0xf6b1c000)
        libkeyutils.so.1 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libkeyutils.so.1 (0xf6b17000)
        libheimntlm.so.0 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libheimntlm.so.0 (0xf6b0c000)
        libkrb5.so.26 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libkrb5.so.26 (0xf6a74000)
        libasn1.so.8 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libasn1.so.8 (0xf69c3000)
        libhcrypto.so.4 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libhcrypto.so.4 (0xf698a000)
        libroken.so.18 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libroken.so.18 (0xf6972000)
        libffi.so.6 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libffi.so.6 (0xf6968000)
        libwind.so.0 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libwind.so.0 (0xf693e000)
        libheimbase.so.1 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libheimbase.so.1 (0xf692d000)
        libhx509.so.5 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libhx509.so.5 (0xf68dd000)
        libsqlite3.so.0 => /usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu/libsqlite3.so.0 (0xf67fc000)
        libcrypt.so.1 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libcrypt.so.1 (0xf67c9000)

Restarting, copied PBO with data module

Nope, still Segfaults.

EDIT: just used readelf

steam@armadev:~/a3server$ readelf -d mods/@aliveserver/ALiVEPlugIn.so | grep NEEDED
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libcurl.so.4]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libm.so.6]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [libc.so.6]
 0x00000001 (NEEDED)                     Shared library: [ld-linux.so.2]

Which are all accounted for according to ldd

EDIT: ran strace and noticed this:

clone(child_stack=0xb23ff424, flags=CLONE_VM|CLONE_FS|CLONE_FILES|CLONE_SIGHAND|CLONE_THREAD|CLONE_SYSVSEM|CLONE_SETTLS|CLONE_PARENT_SETTID|CLONE_CHILD_CLEARTID, parent_tidptr=0xb23ffba8, tls={entry_number:12, base_addr:0xb23ffb40, limit:1048575, seg_32bit:1, contents:0, read_exec_only:0, limit_in_pages:1, seg_not_present:0, useable:1}, child_tidptr=0xb23ffba8) = 2095
stat64("/etc/localtime", {st_mode=S_IFREG|0644, st_size=2943, ...}) = 0
open("@aliveserver/aliveplugin_2016-10-07_11-43.txt", O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_APPEND, 0666) = -1 ENOENT (No such file or directory)

Solved: addon folder needs to be in the root arma server directory